منابع مشابه
Probing the Improbable
Some risks have extremely high stakes. For example, a worldwide pandemic or asteroid impact could potentially kill more than a billion people. Comfortingly, scientific calculations often put very low probabilities on the occurrence of such catastrophes. In this paper, we argue that there are important new methodological problems which arise when assessing global catastrophic risks and we focus ...
متن کاملImprobable Creativity
We begin with a number of basic facts about creativity and a brief history of the idea. These provide criteria that any definition of the term should meet and help guide us to a new definition of creativity. This definition is independent of cultural appropriateness or the perceived value of creative objects, ideas which have encumbered previous investigations. We briefly defend our definition ...
متن کاملRuling out and ruling in neural codes.
The subject of neural coding has generated much debate. A key issue is whether the nervous system uses coarse or fine coding. Each has different strengths and weaknesses and, therefore, different implications for how the brain computes. For example, the strength of coarse coding is that it is robust to fluctuations in spike arrival times; downstream neurons do not have to keep track of the deta...
متن کاملImprobable areas in the visual brain.
Recent results from anatomical, physiological and imaging experiments cast doubt on the existence of some areas in the primate visual brain and call for a much overdue re-assessment of what is a conceptually highly unsatisfactory view of how the primate visual brain is organized, a view that has survived more or less unscathed for at least 15 years and has been embraced uncritically by a signif...
متن کاملThe Probability of the Improbable: Societynature Coevolution
This article aims to show how evolutionary theory, social-metabolism and sociological systems theory can be utilized to develop a concept of society–nature coevolution. The article begins with a conception of industrialization as a sociometabolic transition, that is, a major transformation in the energetic and consequently material basis of society. This transition to industrial metabolism was ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1993
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/363585a0